/*
 * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License
 */

package android.support.v14.preference;

import android.app.DialogFragment;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.TypedArray;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.annotation.XmlRes;
import android.support.v7.preference.DialogPreference;
import android.support.v7.preference.EditTextPreference;
import android.support.v7.preference.ListPreference;
import android.support.v7.preference.Preference;
import android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceGroupAdapter;
import android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceManager;
import android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceScreen;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.util.TypedValue;
import android.view.ContextThemeWrapper;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

/**
 * Shows a hierarchy of {@link Preference} objects as
 * lists. These preferences will
 * automatically save to {@link android.content.SharedPreferences} as the user interacts with
 * them. To retrieve an instance of {@link android.content.SharedPreferences} that the
 * preference hierarchy in this fragment will use, call
 * {@link PreferenceManager#getDefaultSharedPreferences(android.content.Context)}
 * with a context in the same package as this fragment.
 * <p>
 * Furthermore, the preferences shown will follow the visual style of system
 * preferences. It is easy to create a hierarchy of preferences (that can be
 * shown on multiple screens) via XML. For these reasons, it is recommended to
 * use this fragment (as a superclass) to deal with preferences in applications.
 * <p>
 * A {@link PreferenceScreen} object should be at the top of the preference
 * hierarchy. Furthermore, subsequent {@link PreferenceScreen} in the hierarchy
 * denote a screen break--that is the preferences contained within subsequent
 * {@link PreferenceScreen} should be shown on another screen. The preference
 * framework handles showing these other screens from the preference hierarchy.
 * <p>
 * The preference hierarchy can be formed in multiple ways:
 * <li> From an XML file specifying the hierarchy
 * <li> From different {@link android.app.Activity Activities} that each specify its own
 * preferences in an XML file via {@link android.app.Activity} meta-data
 * <li> From an object hierarchy rooted with {@link PreferenceScreen}
 * <p>
 * To inflate from XML, use the {@link #addPreferencesFromResource(int)}. The
 * root element should be a {@link PreferenceScreen}. Subsequent elements can point
 * to actual {@link Preference} subclasses. As mentioned above, subsequent
 * {@link PreferenceScreen} in the hierarchy will result in the screen break.
 * <p>
 * To specify an object hierarchy rooted with {@link PreferenceScreen}, use
 * {@link #setPreferenceScreen(PreferenceScreen)}.
 * <p>
 * As a convenience, this fragment implements a click listener for any
 * preference in the current hierarchy, see
 * {@link #onPreferenceTreeClick(Preference)}.
 *
 * <div class="special reference">
 * <h3>Developer Guides</h3>
 * <p>For information about using {@code PreferenceFragment},
 * read the <a href="{@docRoot}guide/topics/ui/settings.html">Settings</a>
 * guide.</p>
 * </div>
 *
 * <a name="SampleCode"></a>
 * <h3>Sample Code</h3>
 *
 * <p>The following sample code shows a simple preference fragment that is
 * populated from a resource.  The resource it loads is:</p>
 *
 * {@sample development/samples/ApiDemos/res/xml/preferences.xml preferences}
 *
 * <p>The fragment implementation itself simply populates the preferences
 * when created.  Note that the preferences framework takes care of loading
 * the current values out of the app preferences and writing them when changed:</p>
 *
 * {@sample development/samples/ApiDemos/src/com/example/android/apis/preference/FragmentPreferences.java
 *      fragment}
 *
 * @see Preference
 * @see PreferenceScreen
 */
public abstract class PreferenceFragment extends Fragment implements
        PreferenceManager.OnPreferenceTreeClickListener,
        PreferenceManager.OnDisplayPreferenceDialogListener,
        PreferenceManager.OnNavigateToScreenListener,
        DialogPreference.TargetFragment {

    /**
     * Fragment argument used to specify the tag of the desired root
     * {@link android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceScreen} object.
     */
    public static final String ARG_PREFERENCE_ROOT =
            "android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceFragmentCompat.PREFERENCE_ROOT";

    private static final String PREFERENCES_TAG = "android:preferences";

    private static final String DIALOG_FRAGMENT_TAG =
            "android.support.v14.preference.PreferenceFragment.DIALOG";

    private PreferenceManager mPreferenceManager;
    private RecyclerView mList;
    private boolean mHavePrefs;
    private boolean mInitDone;

    private Context mStyledContext;

    private int mLayoutResId = R.layout.preference_list_fragment;

    /**
     * The starting request code given out to preference framework.
     */
    private static final int FIRST_REQUEST_CODE = 100;

    private static final int MSG_BIND_PREFERENCES = 1;
    private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            switch (msg.what) {

                case MSG_BIND_PREFERENCES:
                    bindPreferences();
                    break;
            }
        }
    };

    final private Runnable mRequestFocus = new Runnable() {
        public void run() {
            mList.focusableViewAvailable(mList);
        }
    };

    /**
     * Interface that PreferenceFragment's containing activity should
     * implement to be able to process preference items that wish to
     * switch to a specified fragment.
     */
    public interface OnPreferenceStartFragmentCallback {
        /**
         * Called when the user has clicked on a Preference that has
         * a fragment class name associated with it.  The implementation
         * should instantiate and switch to an instance of the given
         * fragment.
         * @param caller The fragment requesting navigation.
         * @param pref The preference requesting the fragment.
         * @return true if the fragment creation has been handled
         */
        boolean onPreferenceStartFragment(PreferenceFragment caller, Preference pref);
    }

    /**
     * Interface that PreferenceFragment's containing activity should
     * implement to be able to process preference items that wish to
     * switch to a new screen of preferences.
     */
    public interface OnPreferenceStartScreenCallback {
        /**
         * Called when the user has clicked on a PreferenceScreen item in order to navigate to a new
         * screen of preferences.
         * @param caller The fragment requesting navigation.
         * @param pref The preference screen to navigate to.
         * @return true if the screen navigation has been handled
         */
        boolean onPreferenceStartScreen(PreferenceFragment caller, PreferenceScreen pref);
    }

    public interface OnPreferenceDisplayDialogCallback {

        /**
         *
         * @param caller The fragment containing the preference requesting the dialog.
         * @param pref The preference requesting the dialog.
         * @return true if the dialog creation has been handled.
         */
        boolean onPreferenceDisplayDialog(PreferenceFragment caller, Preference pref);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        final TypedValue tv = new TypedValue();
        getActivity().getTheme().resolveAttribute(R.attr.preferenceTheme, tv, true);
        final int theme = tv.resourceId;
        if (theme <= 0) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("Must specify preferenceTheme in theme");
        }
        mStyledContext = new ContextThemeWrapper(getActivity(), theme);

        mPreferenceManager = new PreferenceManager(mStyledContext);
        mPreferenceManager.setOnNavigateToScreenListener(this);
        final Bundle args = getArguments();
        final String rootKey;
        if (args != null) {
            rootKey = getArguments().getString(ARG_PREFERENCE_ROOT);
        } else {
            rootKey = null;
        }
        onCreatePreferences(savedInstanceState, rootKey);
    }

    /**
     * Called during {@link #onCreate(Bundle)} to supply the preferences for this fragment.
     * Subclasses are expected to call {@link #setPreferenceScreen(PreferenceScreen)} either
     * directly or via helper methods such as {@link #addPreferencesFromResource(int)}.
     *
     * @param savedInstanceState If the fragment is being re-created from
     *                           a previous saved state, this is the state.
     * @param rootKey If non-null, this preference fragment should be rooted at the
     *                {@link android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceScreen} with this key.
     */
    public abstract void onCreatePreferences(Bundle savedInstanceState, String rootKey);

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        TypedArray a = mStyledContext.obtainStyledAttributes(null,
                R.styleable.PreferenceFragmentCompat,
                R.attr.preferenceFragmentStyle,
                0);

        mLayoutResId = a.getResourceId(R.styleable.PreferenceFragmentCompat_layout,
                mLayoutResId);

        a.recycle();

        final View view = inflater.inflate(mLayoutResId, container, false);

        final View rawListContainer = view.findViewById(R.id.list_container);
        if (!(rawListContainer instanceof ViewGroup)) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Content has view with id attribute 'R.id.list_container' "
                    + "that is not a ViewGroup class");
        }

        final ViewGroup listContainer = (ViewGroup) rawListContainer;

        final RecyclerView listView = onCreateRecyclerView(inflater, listContainer,
                savedInstanceState);
        if (listView == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Could not create RecyclerView");
        }

        mList = listView;
        listContainer.addView(mList);
        mHandler.post(mRequestFocus);
        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);

        if (mHavePrefs) {
            bindPreferences();
        }

        mInitDone = true;

        if (savedInstanceState != null) {
            Bundle container = savedInstanceState.getBundle(PREFERENCES_TAG);
            if (container != null) {
                final PreferenceScreen preferenceScreen = getPreferenceScreen();
                if (preferenceScreen != null) {
                    preferenceScreen.restoreHierarchyState(container);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        mPreferenceManager.setOnPreferenceTreeClickListener(this);
        mPreferenceManager.setOnDisplayPreferenceDialogListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        mPreferenceManager.setOnPreferenceTreeClickListener(null);
        mPreferenceManager.setOnDisplayPreferenceDialogListener(null);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroyView() {
        mList = null;
        mHandler.removeCallbacks(mRequestFocus);
        mHandler.removeMessages(MSG_BIND_PREFERENCES);
        super.onDestroyView();
    }

    @Override
    public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
        super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);

        final PreferenceScreen preferenceScreen = getPreferenceScreen();
        if (preferenceScreen != null) {
            Bundle container = new Bundle();
            preferenceScreen.saveHierarchyState(container);
            outState.putBundle(PREFERENCES_TAG, container);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the {@link PreferenceManager} used by this fragment.
     * @return The {@link PreferenceManager}.
     */
    public PreferenceManager getPreferenceManager() {
        return mPreferenceManager;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the root of the preference hierarchy that this fragment is showing.
     *
     * @param preferenceScreen The root {@link PreferenceScreen} of the preference hierarchy.
     */
    public void setPreferenceScreen(PreferenceScreen preferenceScreen) {
        if (mPreferenceManager.setPreferences(preferenceScreen) && preferenceScreen != null) {
            onUnbindPreferences();
            mHavePrefs = true;
            if (mInitDone) {
                postBindPreferences();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Gets the root of the preference hierarchy that this fragment is showing.
     *
     * @return The {@link PreferenceScreen} that is the root of the preference
     *         hierarchy.
     */
    public PreferenceScreen getPreferenceScreen() {
        return mPreferenceManager.getPreferenceScreen();
    }

    /**
     * Inflates the given XML resource and adds the preference hierarchy to the current
     * preference hierarchy.
     *
     * @param preferencesResId The XML resource ID to inflate.
     */
    public void addPreferencesFromResource(@XmlRes int preferencesResId) {
        requirePreferenceManager();

        setPreferenceScreen(mPreferenceManager.inflateFromResource(mStyledContext,
                preferencesResId, getPreferenceScreen()));
    }

    /**
     * Inflates the given XML resource and replaces the current preference hierarchy (if any) with
     * the preference hierarchy rooted at {@code key}.
     *
     * @param preferencesResId The XML resource ID to inflate.
     * @param key The preference key of the {@link android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceScreen}
     *            to use as the root of the preference hierarchy, or null to use the root
     *            {@link android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceScreen}.
     */
    public void setPreferencesFromResource(@XmlRes int preferencesResId, @Nullable String key) {
        requirePreferenceManager();

        final PreferenceScreen xmlRoot = mPreferenceManager.inflateFromResource(mStyledContext,
                preferencesResId, null);

        final Preference root;
        if (key != null) {
            root = xmlRoot.findPreference(key);
            if (!(root instanceof PreferenceScreen)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Preference object with key " + key
                        + " is not a PreferenceScreen");
            }
        } else {
            root = xmlRoot;
        }

        setPreferenceScreen((PreferenceScreen) root);
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    public boolean onPreferenceTreeClick(Preference preference) {
        if (preference.getFragment() != null) {
            boolean handled = false;
            if (getCallbackFragment() instanceof OnPreferenceStartFragmentCallback) {
                handled = ((OnPreferenceStartFragmentCallback) getCallbackFragment())
                        .onPreferenceStartFragment(this, preference);
            }
            if (!handled && getActivity() instanceof OnPreferenceStartFragmentCallback){
                handled = ((OnPreferenceStartFragmentCallback) getActivity())
                        .onPreferenceStartFragment(this, preference);
            }
            return handled;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Called by
     * {@link android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceScreen#onClick()} in order to navigate to a
     * new screen of preferences. Calls
     * {@link PreferenceFragment.OnPreferenceStartScreenCallback#onPreferenceStartScreen}
     * if the target fragment or containing activity implements
     * {@link PreferenceFragment.OnPreferenceStartScreenCallback}.
     * @param preferenceScreen The {@link android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceScreen} to
     *                         navigate to.
     */
    @Override
    public void onNavigateToScreen(PreferenceScreen preferenceScreen) {
        boolean handled = false;
        if (getCallbackFragment() instanceof OnPreferenceStartScreenCallback) {
            handled = ((OnPreferenceStartScreenCallback) getCallbackFragment())
                    .onPreferenceStartScreen(this, preferenceScreen);
        }
        if (!handled && getActivity() instanceof OnPreferenceStartScreenCallback) {
            ((OnPreferenceStartScreenCallback) getActivity())
                    .onPreferenceStartScreen(this, preferenceScreen);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Finds a {@link Preference} based on its key.
     *
     * @param key The key of the preference to retrieve.
     * @return The {@link Preference} with the key, or null.
     * @see android.support.v7.preference.PreferenceGroup#findPreference(CharSequence)
     */
    public Preference findPreference(CharSequence key) {
        if (mPreferenceManager == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return mPreferenceManager.findPreference(key);
    }

    private void requirePreferenceManager() {
        if (mPreferenceManager == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("This should be called after super.onCreate.");
        }
    }

    private void postBindPreferences() {
        if (mHandler.hasMessages(MSG_BIND_PREFERENCES)) return;
        mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_BIND_PREFERENCES).sendToTarget();
    }

    private void bindPreferences() {
        final PreferenceScreen preferenceScreen = getPreferenceScreen();
        if (preferenceScreen != null) {
            getListView().setAdapter(onCreateAdapter(preferenceScreen));
            preferenceScreen.onAttached();
        }
        onBindPreferences();
    }

    /** @hide */
    protected void onBindPreferences() {
    }

    /** @hide */
    protected void onUnbindPreferences() {
    }

    public final RecyclerView getListView() {
        return mList;
    }

    /**
     * Creates the {@link android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView} used to display the preferences.
     * Subclasses may override this to return a customized
     * {@link android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView}.
     * @param inflater The LayoutInflater object that can be used to inflate the
     *                 {@link android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView}.
     * @param parent The parent {@link android.view.View} that the RecyclerView will be attached to.
     *               This method should not add the view itself, but this can be used to generate
     *               the LayoutParams of the view.
     * @param savedInstanceState If non-null, this view is being re-constructed from a previous
     *                           saved state as given here
     * @return A new RecyclerView object to be placed into the view hierarchy
     */
    public RecyclerView onCreateRecyclerView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup parent,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        RecyclerView recyclerView = (RecyclerView) inflater
                .inflate(R.layout.preference_recyclerview, parent, false);

        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(onCreateLayoutManager());

        return recyclerView;
    }

    /**
     * Called from {@link #onCreateRecyclerView} to create the
     * {@link android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView.LayoutManager} for the created
     * {@link android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView}.
     * @return A new {@link android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView.LayoutManager} instance.
     */
    public RecyclerView.LayoutManager onCreateLayoutManager() {
        return new LinearLayoutManager(getActivity());
    }

    /**
     * Creates the root adapter.
     *
     * @param preferenceScreen Preference screen object to create the adapter for.
     * @return An adapter that contains the preferences contained in this {@link PreferenceScreen}.
     */
    protected RecyclerView.Adapter onCreateAdapter(PreferenceScreen preferenceScreen) {
        return new PreferenceGroupAdapter(preferenceScreen);
    }

    /**
     * Called when a preference in the tree requests to display a dialog. Subclasses should
     * override this method to display custom dialogs or to handle dialogs for custom preference
     * classes.
     *
     * @param preference The Preference object requesting the dialog.
     */
    @Override
    public void onDisplayPreferenceDialog(Preference preference) {

        boolean handled = false;
        if (getCallbackFragment() instanceof OnPreferenceDisplayDialogCallback) {
            handled = ((OnPreferenceDisplayDialogCallback) getCallbackFragment())
                    .onPreferenceDisplayDialog(this, preference);
        }
        if (!handled && getActivity() instanceof OnPreferenceDisplayDialogCallback) {
            handled = ((OnPreferenceDisplayDialogCallback) getActivity())
                    .onPreferenceDisplayDialog(this, preference);
        }

        if (handled) {
            return;
        }

        // check if dialog is already showing
        if (getFragmentManager().findFragmentByTag(DIALOG_FRAGMENT_TAG) != null) {
            return;
        }

        final DialogFragment f;
        if (preference instanceof EditTextPreference) {
            f = EditTextPreferenceDialogFragment.newInstance(preference.getKey());
        } else if (preference instanceof ListPreference) {
            f = ListPreferenceDialogFragment.newInstance(preference.getKey());
        } else if (preference instanceof MultiSelectListPreference) {
            f = MultiSelectListPreferenceDialogFragment.newInstance(preference.getKey());
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Tried to display dialog for unknown " +
                    "preference type. Did you forget to override onDisplayPreferenceDialog()?");
        }
        f.setTargetFragment(this, 0);
        f.show(getFragmentManager(), DIALOG_FRAGMENT_TAG);
    }

    /**
     * Basically a wrapper for getParentFragment which is v17+. Used by the leanback preference lib.
     * @return Fragment to possibly use as a callback
     * @hide
     */
    public Fragment getCallbackFragment() {
        return null;
    }
}